Team History

The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football team based in the city of Oakland, California. They currently play in the Western Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). The Raiders began play in 1960 as the eighth charter member of the American Football League (AFL), where they won one championship and three division titles. The team joined the NFL in 1970 as part of the AFL-NFL Merger. Since joining the NFL, the Raiders have won twelve division titles and three Super Bowls, and have appeared in two other Super Bowls. The team has thirteen enshrinees in the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

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The Raiders joined the AFL as a charter member in 1960. The team spent its first three seasons changing stadiums and recording losing records. Al Davis, a former assistant coach for the San Diego Chargers, was hired as head coach and general manager in 1963. He reorganized the Raiders, and the team improved to a 10-4 win-loss record. Four years later, the club captured the 1967 AFL title under head coach John Rauch. Quarterback Daryle Lamonica won the first of his two passing titles as Oakland advanced to the Super Bowl to face the NFL-champion Green Bay Packers. Green Bay won 33-14, but the Raiders had established themselves as an AFL power. The Raiders reached the AFL Championship Game under Rauch in 1968 and again in 1969, this time under former Raiders assistant coach John Madden, who had taken over the head coaching duties. Madden was named AFL coach of the year in 1969 when, at age 32, he was the AFL's youngest coach.

The Raiders were professional football's most consistent team from the mid-1960s through the mid-1980s, reaching the playoffs 15 times and earning four NFL or American Football League (AFL) titles in 19 seasons. As AFL champions, they played in the second Super Bowl, in 1968, and lost to the Green Bay Packers. During John Madden's ten years as head coach (1969-1978), Oakland played in seven league or conference championship games and won one Super Bowl, in 1977. From 1980 to 1993 the team reached the postseason eight times, winning the Super Bowl in 1981 and 1984. The Raiders are the only team that appeared in at least one Super Bowl each decade during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.



Oakland joined the NFL in 1970 when the NFL and AFL completed their merger. The team promptly won the 1970 Western Division crown and advanced to the AFC Championship Game, where they lost to the Baltimore Colts (now Indianapolis Colts). Under Madden the Raiders gained a reputation as one of the most intimidating teams in professional sports. Their character was exemplified by center Jim Otto and offensive linemen Art Shell and Gene Upshaw, who fiercely protected quarterbacks George Blanda and Kenny Stabler. The Raiders lost three consecutive AFC Championship Games from 1973 to 1975 before winning the game in 1976. In the subsequent Super Bowl, veteran wide receiver Fred Biletnikoff played an outstanding game as the club defeated the Minnesota Vikings, 32-14.

Madden left the Raiders after the 1978 season and was replaced by Tom Flores, who had been the team's first quarterback. In Flores's nine seasons as head coach he led the club to five postseason appearances and two Super Bowl championships. Quarterback Jim Plunkett, playing his first full season in Oakland in 1980, commanded a potent offense that also starred wide receiver Cliff Branch and running back Mark van Eeghen. That year the Raiders became the first wild-card playoff team to win a Super Bowl, defeating the Philadelphia Eagles 27-10.